Intercessory Prayer to Mary
The icon clearly functions as an intercessory image, in which the viewer prays to the Virgin Mary to intercede with Christ on behalf of...
Floral Decorations and Inscriptions
The lower edge of the icon is decorated with a garland of flowers, including roses, tulips, and violets with green leaves. These floral motifs...
The Icon’s Main Figures
The icon shows the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child at its center. Mary is dressed in a green undergarment covered with a bright...
Building Projects and Social Ecology in the Roman World
Linking Construction and Society
This paper explores how Roman building projects can help us understand the connections between construction and social-ecological complexity. In Roman studies,...
Preserving or Changing the Past
The restoration of monuments has been important since ancient times. In ancient Egypt, the care and repair of monuments, along with honoring the king’s...
Rethinking Roman Construction
A Broader Social and Regional View
The traditional view sees Roman construction mainly as a city-centered activity. However, looking at it through a wider lens...
