Saksagan
Harbour of the Bucoleon
The Harbour of the Bucoleon was one of the most important and elegant harbours in Constantinople. It was directly attached to the Great Palace,...
The Harbours on the Sea of Marmara
One of the most remarkable features of Byzantine Constantinople was the number of harbours along the southern shore of the city, on the Sea...
Constantinople and the Defense of Civilization
The city of Constantinople played a crucial role in the history of Europe and the Mediterranean world. Its people faced numerous enemies over the...
The Identification of the Palace of Mangana
The Importance of the Church of St. Saviour
The view that the ruins discovered near İncili Köşk belong to the Palace of Mangana, rather than...
Evidence Before and After the Turkish Conquest
Agreement of Earlier and Later Sources
The evidence gathered from writers after the Turkish Conquest is in striking agreement with the descriptions given by authors...
Early References After the Fall of Constantinople
Gyllius and the First Post-1453 Account
The first writer who mentions the church and the holy spring after the year 1453 is Pierre Gyllius. While...
Location of the Second Basilike Pyle
If we accept that the title Basilike Pyle, or Imperial Gate, was applied to more than one entrance along the Harbour Walls, then there...
Imperial Gate and the Chain Across the Harbour
Several important facts support the idea that the Basilike Pyle, or Imperial Gate, mentioned by Critobulus was the Gate of Eugenius. First, the Imperial...
Identifying the Gate of St. Romanus
Identifying the Gate of St. Romanus (Top Kapı)
Top Kapoussi (modern Top Kapı), located between the sixth and seventh towers north of the Fourth Military...
Identifying the Gate of the Red Faction
Identifying the Gate of the Red Faction (Porta Rhousiou)
The identification of this gate with the name of the Red Faction—Porta Rhousiou—is supported by two...
